Workpiece Materials Machinability

The workpiece material machinability refers to the degree of difficulty of the workpiece material to be cut in a certain processing conditions. With the machinery manufacturing high-speed development, the use of a variety of high-performance materials increasing number of more difficult for cutting of many materials, the main purpose of the study material cutting, in order to more effectively identify a variety of materials especially difficult to machine materials, easy machinability way.

Commonly workpiece material machinability

(A) workpiece material - iron: machinability easier, because the role of which the graphite, so that the hardness of the material of the workpiece is low, sexual brittle, conducive to the lubricating action between the chips and the rake face. The machinability of the workpiece material is effected by the presence of graphite form, the organization of the state of the base body, a metal component and heat treatment. In order to adapt to the characteristics of the cast iron machining, cutting may be appropriate to reduce the rake angle and reduce cutting speed.

(B) workpiece material - carbon structural steel: plain carbon steel machinability mainly depends on the carbon content; low carbon steel hardness, ductility and toughness, large deformation during cutting, cutting high temperature, easy to produce sticky crumbs and bue difficult chip breaking surface, difficult to achieve a small roughness, machining of low carbon steel is poor; high carbon steel, high hardness, low plasticity and low thermal conductivity, the cutting force, the high cutting temperature, tool wear, low life, it is the type of workpiece material machinability.

(C)workpiece material - alloy structural steel: carbon structural steel, addition of alloying elements, such as Si, Mn, Cr, Ni, Mo, W, V, Ti, etc., to improve the performance of structural steel, the cutting workability also with the changes. Ordinary manganese steel of 1% to 2% of the manganese was added in the carbon steel, and strengthened ferritic carbon steels, and increase and refine pearlite, therefore, the lower the ductility and toughness of manganese, high strength and hardness.

(D) workpiece material - difficult to machine materials: the current performance of the workpiece material in the aviation, aerospace, shipbuilding, power plants, petrochemical and defense industry a very high demand, such as wear resistance, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and impact resistance workpiece material used for these parts: high strength alloy steel, stainless steel, high manganese steel, titanium, high temperature alloys, chilled cast iron and high-silicon aluminum alloy and other.

Ways to improve the workpiece material machinability

(A)Toner chemical elements in the workpiece material and subjected to a heat treatment: to add easily cut chemical elements, such as sulfur (S), lead (Pb), the material crystal structure generating sulfide, reduce tissue binding strength, to facilitate cutting in the steel, lead enable organizations structural discontinuity, conducive chip breaking, and can be formed a lubricating film to reduce the coefficient of friction; the stainless steel selenium, can improve the degree of hardening; decomposable graphite elements added in cast iron, aluminum, copper alloy elements for easy cutting.

(B) A reasonable selection of tool materials: According to the performance requirements of processing materials should be selected to match the tool material. In order to adapt to the high efficiency of the various types of high-performance hard to machine materials cutting Carbide factory in China to develop ultra-fine grain carbide particle size ≤ 0.6μcm, and Tim strengthening elements of TaC, the hardness of carbide cutting tools , significantly improved abrasion resistance and flexural strength.

(C) other measures:

1.Reasonable choice of tool geometry parameters: usually from reducing cutting forces, improve heat diffusing increase tool strength, effective chip breaking, reduce friction and improve the grinding quality and other aspects to adjust the size of the relationship between parameters to achieve improve machinabilityrole.

2. Maintain a sufficient rigidity in the cutting system

3. Select efficient cutting fluid and effective casting

4. The use of new machining technology

Cutting Temperature and Cutting Force

Cutting temperature and cutting force while cutting stainless steel

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